Premenstrual syndrome: clinical assessment of treatment outcomes following Borago officinalis extract therapy / Síndrome da tensão pré-menstrual: avaliação clínica dos resultados de tratamento após terapia com extrato de Borago officinalis

With the objective of evaluating the use of Borago officinalis oil in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms, we assessed 180 patients who presented a clinical diagnosis of PMS and who were treated with one daily 900mg borage oil capsule. Efficacy and safety assessments were performed based on data obtained prior to the start of treatment (Pretreatment), and after each menstrual cycle (Assessment 2 - first menstrual cycle after the start of treatment; Assessment 3 - second menstrual cycle; Assessment 4/Final Assessment - third menstrual cycle). Efficacy assessments included a PMS questionnaire evaluating emotional and physical PMS symptoms and the Patient and Physician Assessments, in which both the subject and the physician rated the patient's overall condition on a scale of 1-10 points. The primary safety and tolerability measures included any changes in vital signs and physical exam in relation to pretreatment, changes in laboratory exams, and the occurrence of adverse events after the first dose of study medication. We observed a statistically significant reduction in the total scores of the PMS assessment (p<0.0001), with 95.4% of all patients displaying some reduction in scores at Assessment 4 in relation to Pretreatment values. The emotional symptoms and physical symptoms scores also decreased significantly from Pretreatment to Assessment 4 (p<0.0001 for both)...

Recurrent urinary tract infections: evaluation of the prophylactic efficacy of urinary antiseptics methenamine and methylthioninium chloride / Infecções do trato urinário recorrentes: avaliação da eficácia profilática dos anti-sépticos urinários metenamina e cloreto de metiltionínio

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common condition in clinical practice, affecting an estimated 50% of all adult women during a lifetime. The most common causative agent is E. coli UTI may also be caused by S. saprophyticus, Enterobacteria (Klebsiella sp and Serratia sp.), Enterococcus sp., and P. aeruginosa. Recurrent UTIs occur at least twice per semester or three times a year. Prophylactic measures to prevent recurrent UTIs include changes in contraception methods, cranberry products, increased fluid intake, urination after intercourse, vaginal estrogen therapy for post-menopausal women, antibiotics, and urinary tract antiseptic agents. Objectives: To evaluate the use of a combination of methenamine and methylthioninium chloride in the prophylaxis of recurrent uncomplicated lower UTIs, with respect to: · Signs and symptoms of UTI· Etiologic agent(s)· Recurrence rates· Need for antibiotic therapy in case of recurrence · Incidence of adverse events associated with the treatment, including any reported alterations of laboratory testsMaterials & methods: A descriptive, analytic, restrospective study was performed at Hospital Universitário Constantino Otaviano - UNIFESO. Medical charts from patients presenting recurrent uncomplicated lower UTI attended from 2001-present were analyzed, including the following information: Demographic data (age, gender, weight, ethnicity, living conditions) medical history/ signs and symptoms of UTI identification of treatment and dosing regimens treatment duration recurrence rates and need for antibiotic therapy in case of recurrence other medications prescribed and records of adverse events. Results: E. coli was identified as etiologic agent in 80% of the patients. Following antibiotic therapy, all patients received prophylactic treatment with the combination of methenamine and methylthioninium chloride. Treatment duration ranged from three to six months. Adverse events were observed in 13/60 patients...

Introdução: A infecção do trato urinário é bastante comum na prática clínica, afetando aproximadamente 50% de todas as mulheres adultas em algum momento da vida. O agente etiológico mais comum é a E. coli. A ITU pode também ser causada por S. saprophyticus, Enterobactérias (Klebsiella sp. e Serratia sp.), Enterococcus sp. e P. aeruginosa. ITUs recorrentes ocorrem ao menos duas vezes por semestre ou três vezes ao ano. Medidas profiláticas para prevenir a recorrência incluem alterações nos métodos contraceptivos, produtos de oxicoco, aumento da ingestão de fluidos, micção após a relação sexual, e terapia vaginal de estrogênio para mulheres em pós-menopausa, bem como antibióticos e anti-sépticos urinários. Objetivos: Avaliar o uso da combinação de de metentamina e cloreto de metiltionínio na profilaxia de ITUs recorrentes não-complicados, com respeito à: · Sinais e sintomas de ITU · Agente etiológico · Número de recorrências · Necessidade de terapia antibiótica em caso de recorrência · Incidência de efeitos adversos do tratamento, inclusive quaisquer alterações de exames laboratoriais. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, analítico, retrospectivo no Hospital Universitário Constantino Otaviano – UNIFESO. Prontuários médicos disponíveis de pacientes apresentando ITU recorrente não complicada, atendidos de 2001-presente foram analisados, incluindo-se as seguintes informações: dados demográficos (idade, sexo, peso, etnia, condições habitacionais) histórico médico/ sinais e sintomas de ITU identificação do tratamento e regime de tratamento recorrência necessidade de tratamento antibiótico no caso de recorrência outros medicamentos prescritos e registro de efeitos adversos. Resultados: E. coli foi identificado como agente etiológico em 80% dos pacientes. Após terapia antibiótica, todos os pacientes receberam tratamento profilático com a combinação de metenamina e cloreto de metiltionínio. A duração do tratamento variou entre três a seis meses...